The electrical power can be transmitted from the units of generation to distribution using various electrical substation components namely isolator, bus bar, power transformer, etc are connected together in the substation.
High voltage equipment typically include power transformer, switchgears, control equipment, communicating devices, insulators, and so on. Power transformers and instrument transformers are the devices used in transmission network of higher voltages for step-up and step-down application (400 kV, 200 kV, 110 kV, 66 kV, 33kV). Report also includes the segmentation based on equipment used for different voltage level such as Ultra High Voltage (UHV), Extra High Voltage (EHV), High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC), and High Voltage (HV).
Dry Type Unit Medium Voltage, or MV, Substation transformers are designed for close coupling to primary and/or secondary equipment. Choosing a dry type, substation transformer for your application is the smart choice for several reasons
In an electrical power distribution system, a ring main unit (RMU) is a factory assembled, metal enclosed set of switchgear used at the load connection points of a ring-type distribution network. It includes in one unit two switches that can connect the load to either or both main conductors, and a fusible switch or circuit breaker and switch that feed a distribution transformer.
Utility poles provide more than overhead support for electrical lines – they also provide the infrastructure for carrying telephone lines, communication cable, optical fiber cables, streetlights, traffic equipment, and broadcast equipment.
An insulator is a material that does not conduct electrical current. Insulating materials include paper, plastic, rubber, glass and air. Vacuum is also an insulator, but is not actually a material. Most electrical conductors are covered by insulation. Magnet wire is coated with an extremely thin layer of insulation so that more turns or larger wire may be used in the winding of transformers etc. Insulators are generally rated at hundreds of volts, but some that are used in power distribution are rated as high as hundreds of thousands of volts. Insulators support and/or keep electrical conductors from making unintended contact with each other.
Stay insulators are a form of insulators that are utilized on the stay path. They are modeled to supply insulation in case the wire cuts and falls on the ground. The stay insulator will guarantee that the wires don’t contact the ground.
Stay sets are used to provide mechanical support to the 11kv HT/LT lines in the electrical infrastructure. Stay set are consisted of five main units.
In electrical distribution, a fuse cutout or cut-out fuse is a combination of a fuse and a switch, used in primary overhead feeder lines and taps to protect distribution transformers from current surges and overloads. An overcurrent caused by a fault in the transformer or customer circuit will cause the fuse to melt, disconnecting the transformer from the line. It can also be opened manually by utility linemen standing on the ground and using a long insulating stick called a “hot stick”.
A lightning arrester is a device used on electric power transmission and telecommunication systems to protect the insulation and conductors of the system from the damaging effects of lightning. The typical lightning arrester has a high-voltage terminal and a ground terminal.
A safety switch (also known as a “disconnect switch” or “load break switch”) serves multiple purposes, but its primary functions are to serve as a disconnect means for a service entrance and a disconnect means and fault protection for motors (heavy machinery).
The overall effectiveness of any grounding system will be determined by the individual components that are used to construct the system and the manner in which the components are connected.
The air break switches install in outdoor and mainly use for switching and isolation. The air break switch is mostly installed in the distribution network as a switching point. It interrupts the small excitation current of a transmission line or the capacitive charging current.
An “air break switch’ is a switchgear device that uses air as the dielectric. Air Break Switches (ABS) are widely installed throughout distribution networks for use as both isolation or switching points. They are usually employed in outdoor installations. Special Arcing Horns are provided to quench the arc which occurs when the current is interrupted. These switches are usually operated by a handle which is located at the ground level. Their operation can also be mechanized.
A sectionalizer is a protective device that automatically isolates a faulted section of line from the rest of the distribution system. A sectionalizer should not be confused with a recloser; it does not interrupt fault current.
Line test equipment includes a variety of devices used to detect and measure electrical values in transmission and distribution systems.